Proteinuria: defined as more than 150 mg/24 hrs.
-With nephrotic proteinuria, its more than 3.5 g / 24 hrs.
-normally, 100mg/mL can show up on the UA (trace proteinuria) but is considered normal.
Pathogenesis: can result from problems with...
-filtration: glomerular diseases, function proteinuria (fever, seizures, surgery, CHF)
-resorption: renal tubular diseases
-overflow proteinuria (bence-jones proteins in multiple myeloma): production of abnormal proteins that can't be resorbed.
Type of protein in urine:
Glomerular disease --> albumin
Tubular disease --> low-molecular-weight proteins
Multiple myeloma or monoclonal gammopathy --> plasma proteins